Civil engineering
is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment, including buildings, infrastructure, and transportation systems. It involves the use of scientific principles to manage natural resources and improve society’s quality of life while ensuring public safety and environmental protection. Civil engineers work on a variety of projects, such as designing bridges, airports, highways, tunnels, water supply systems, and waste management facilities. They also collaborate with other professionals, such as architects, surveyors, and urban planners, to create sustainable and efficient solutions for complex problems.
The civil engineer needs the knowledge of:
- surveying
- the properties and mechanics of construction materials
- the mechcanics of structures and soils
- hydraulics and fluid mechanics.
TYPES OF BRIDGES
Bridges are structures built to span physical obstacles (rozpinające się pomiędzy fizycznymi przeszkodami). The most common types of bridges are beam bridges, arch bridges, suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges, truss bridges, and cantilever bridges.
Beam bridges – mosty belkowe
are the simplest and cheapest bridge type, typically span rivers and small waterways, and are supported by piers (molo) or abutments (przyczółki).
Arch bridges – mosty łukowe
have curved designs that rely on gravity (grawitacja) to stay upright (pozostawać w pozycji pionowej), which makes them ideal for long spans (duże rozpiętości).
Suspension and cable-stayed – mosty podwieszane i wantowe
bridges are the most modern and advanced types, having cable systems that suspend bridge decks (pokłady mostów) from larger towers.
Truss bridges – mosty kratownicowe
bridges are also popular due to their excellent weight-bearing capacity (nośność) and durability.
Watch a short video presenting most common types of bridges:
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